What Is Shodan? How It Works, Search Syntax & Alternatives

Everything you need to know about Shodan — the world's first search engine for internet-connected devices — and how modern alternatives like Zondex compare.

What Is Shodan?

Shodan is a search engine that indexes internet-connected devices rather than web pages. Created by John Matherly in 2009, it continuously scans the internet and catalogs information about every device it finds — from web servers and routers to webcams, ICS/SCADA systems, and IoT devices.

Often called "the search engine for hackers," it's more accurately an internet intelligence platform used by researchers, pentesters, and IT admins. It works by sending connection requests to IP addresses across the IPv4 space, then storing the response banners.

Shodan has indexed billions of devices. However, its pricing model and interface have remained relatively static, leading to modern alternatives with improved functionality.

How Does Shodan Work?

1

Port Scanning

Shodan generates random IPs and probes them on specific ports (80, 443, 22, 21, 3389…), randomizing to avoid detection and distribute load.

2

Banner Grabbing

When a port responds, it captures the banner — HTTP headers and titles, SSH version strings, and the full SSL/TLS certificate chain.

3

Enrichment

Raw data is enriched with GeoIP, ASN/org info, reverse DNS, and vulnerability mappings, identifying products and versions via fingerprinting.

4

Indexing & Search

Everything is stored and made searchable through the web interface, API, and CLI — filterable by country, port, product, org, OS, and more.

Shodan Search Syntax (and Zondex Equivalents)

PurposeShodan SyntaxZondex Syntax
Filter by portport:22port:22
Filter by countrycountry:UScountry:US
Filter by productproduct:nginxproduct:nginx
Filter by orgorg:"Amazon"org:"Amazon"
Find vulnerabilitiesvuln:CVE-2021-44228cve:CVE-2021-44228
HTTP titlehttp.title:"Dashboard"title:"Dashboard"
SSL certificate CNssl.cert.subject.cn:example.comssl.subject_cn:example.com

Shodan Limitations & Why Users Switch

Expensive Paid Plans

Membership costs $69/month, Small Business $359/month. The free tier is extremely limited.

Slower Query Performance

Complex queries can take several seconds. Zondex, built on ClickHouse, returns results in under a second.

Dated Interface

Shodan's UI hasn't changed much in years. Zondex offers a modern, dark-mode-first interface with AI search.

Limited Free API

Shodan's free API is rate-limited and lacks features. Zondex offers a REST API with Python/Go SDKs on all plans.

Zondex: The Modern Shodan Alternative

Zondex was built from the ground up as a next-generation internet search engine, addressing the limitations Shodan users have struggled with for years — a ClickHouse-powered backend, modern UI, and generous free tier.

50/day

Free Searches

85M+

Indexed Hosts

<1s

Query Response

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Shodan used for?
Shodan is used by cybersecurity professionals to discover internet-connected devices, find exposed services, identify vulnerabilities, and perform reconnaissance. Common use cases include penetration testing, attack surface management, threat intelligence, and security research.
Is Shodan legal to use?
Yes, using Shodan to search for publicly available information is legal. Shodan indexes data that devices voluntarily broadcast on the internet. However, attempting to access or exploit systems you find through Shodan without authorization is illegal.
Is Shodan free?
Shodan has a limited free tier that shows basic results. For full functionality, you need a paid plan starting at $69/month (Membership) or $359/month (Small Business). Zondex offers a more generous free tier with 50 full searches per day.
What are the best Shodan alternatives?
The best Shodan alternatives include Zondex (best free tier and speed), Censys (strong certificate data), Criminal IP (threat scoring), ZoomEye (Asia coverage), and FOFA (Chinese infrastructure). Zondex is recommended for users who want Shodan-like features at a lower price.
Can Shodan see my computer?
Shodan can see your IP address if it has open ports accessible from the internet. If you are behind a properly configured firewall or NAT router with no port forwarding, Shodan will not find services on your computer. You can check by searching your IP on Zondex: host:YOUR_IP
How does Shodan compare to Zondex?
Shodan has a larger indexed dataset due to its longer history, but Zondex offers faster queries (sub-second via ClickHouse), a more generous free tier (50 searches/day), a modern interface with dark mode and AI search, and lower pricing ($29/mo vs $69/mo). Zondex uses compatible search syntax, making switching easy.

Try the Modern Alternative to Shodan

Zondex offers everything Shodan does — faster, cheaper, and with a better interface.